Public Sub AddDataFrame()
 
  Dim pContentsView As IContentsView
  Dim pApp As IMxApplication
  Dim pMap As IMap
  Dim pMaps As IMaps
  Dim pMxDocument As IMxDocument
  Dim pActiveView As IActiveView
 
  Set pApp = Application
  Set pMxDocument = ThisDocument
  Set pActiveView = pMxDocument.ActiveView
  Set pMaps = pMxDocument.Maps
  Set pMap = pMaps.Create
 
  pMaps.Add pMap
 
  Set pContentsView = pMxDocument.CurrentContentsView
  pContentsView.Refresh pMxDocument
 
  Dim pMapFrame As IMapFrame
  Dim pMapExt As IEnvelope
 
  Set pMapFrame = New MapFrame
  Set pMapExt = New Envelope
  Set pMapFrame.Map = pMap
 
  pMapExt.XMin = 3
  pMapExt.YMin = 3
  pMapExt.XMax = 7
  pMapExt.YMax = 7
 
  Dim pMapElement As IElement
  Dim pGeoExt As IGeometry
 
  Set pMapElement = pMapFrame
  Set pGeoExt = pMapExt
  pMapElement.Geometry = pGeoExt
 
  If pActiveView.IsMapActivated Then
    Set pMxDocument.ActiveView = pMap
    Dim pGraphicsContainer As IGraphicsContainer
    Set pGraphicsContainer = pMxDocument.PageLayout
    pGraphicsContainer.AddElement pMapElement, 2
  Else
    pActiveView.GraphicsContainer.AddElement pMapElement, 2
    pMapElement.Activate pApp.Display
  End If
  pActiveView.Refresh
 
End Sub

[Visual Basic .NET, C#, C++]
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